Can one define individual genes on chromosomes?
In the section below, we will show the electron microscopic views that support the organization of DNA in chromosomes. First, we will look at how we can identify specific genes by cytochemistry. As is evident from the foregoing figure, it is difficult to appreciate details of chromosome structure with the electron microscope. However, one can spread these chromosomes on a light microscope slide and label them with dyes that are preferentially taken up by certain regions (for example, modified Giemsa stains). These modifications create a banding pattern that can be used to identify and characterize individual chromosomes. The banding pattern can be used along with shape and length of arms to identify genetic translocations. See also Alberts et al, Molecular Biology of the Cell, Garland Pub., N.Y., 1994 pp 355 and 356.
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