Can the sun damage a camera sensor?
Yes, the sun can damage a camera-sensor. If the sun is too strong compared to the sensor’s sensitivity, a useful exposure in unlikely anyway. If you want to photograph the sun, you can use an very dark neutral-density filter, something like an ND400 that reduces the strength of the sun by a factor of 400. This makes the sun dark enough to not over-expose it and much less likely to damage your sensor.