Do all HIV-positive patients get metabolic syndrome and fat redistribution?
Not all HIV-positive patients experience metabolic and body composition changes. The occurrence of these complications is dependent on several factors. Most of the causes are not well understood. However, there are several studies that show associations with genetic predisposition, HIV itself, certain HIV medications, HAART (combinations of HIV medications), how long patients have been on HAART, the use of protease inhibitors and the lowest CD4 count. Fat redistribution is felt to be a syndrome of fat loss (lipodystrophy: sunken cheeks, skinny arms and legs) or fat accumulation (belly, neck and back fat). Lipodystrophy and lipoatrophy may or may not occur together. These characteristics are not always associated with metabolic syndrome. Proper nutrition and exercise have been shown to help prevent and ameliorate fat redistribution and metabolic syndrome.
