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Do genes influence insulin resistance?

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Do genes influence insulin resistance?

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Many studies suggest that genetic factors influence insulin resistance, but nearly all of these have assessed family resemblance, which can result from shared environmental influences rather than the effects of genes per se. For example, persistent maternal smoking could cause siblings to resemble one another in having below average birth weights, and, since low birth weight is associated with insulin resistance in adult life (1), such resemblance could lead to sibling resemblance in insulin resistance as adults. Such a shared environmental influence would simulate the action of shared genes (1). Nevertheless, taken in aggregate, the studies of family resemblance have generally been interpreted as supporting a genetic basis for the observed resemblance in various indicators of insulin resistance. The studies of family resemblance in insulin resistance have relied on a number of indicators of insulin resistance. These include insulinemia (either fasting or following oral glucose loading

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