Does bicarb soda in a bowl in the cupboard work to keep mould off shoes?
Mold thrives in warm, wet environments, so anything you can do to dry out the cupboard will help. If it’s a closed cupboard maybe you can just start storing shoes in an open place where they can dry. The soda would certainly help with the smell of the mold, but I honestly don’t know whether it dehumidifies the air or not, but it might. Another note: if your shoes have had mold on them in the past, they may be infected with it, so that just rubbing it off or whatever will not prevent it from growing back. Maybe you should start with new shoes or wash these shoes with bleach if you can to make sure that you’re not just regrowing the same mold over and over.