does physical conditioning affect cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged marathon runners?
R. G. Ketelhut*,,, K. Ketelhut*, F. H. Messerli and G. Badtke* *Institute of Sports Medicine and Prevention, University of Potsdam Potsdam, Germany From theDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section on Hypertensive Diseases, Ochsner Clinic and Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A. Received 31 October 1994; accepted 22 June 1995. Correspondence: Dr Dr Reinhard G. Ketelhut, Barkenhof 14, 14163 Berlin, Germany Abstract OBJECTIVE: The study was designed to assess cardiovascular risk factors in marathon runners with different degrees of fitness. DESIGN: A total of 30 male middle-aged marathon runners were divided according to their marathon running time into fit (265 ± 8 min), fitter (222 ± 5 min) and fittest (178 ± 12 min). The three groups of 10 runners each were comparable in age, weight, and body surface area. Cardiovascular risk factors were assessed by measuring arterial pressure before and during exercise (150 watts) and determination of plasma lipoproteins, u
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