Does reasoning about social exchange engage different brain areas than other kinds of reasoning?
To find out, see: Ermer, E., Guerin, S., Cosmides, L., Tooby, J., & Miller, M. (2006) Theory of mind broad and narrow: Reasoning about social exchange engages ToM areas, precautionary reasoning does not. Social Neuroscience, 1 (3-4), 196-219. What is the evidence for an adaptive specialization designed for reasoning about social exchange, with a subroutine for detecting cheaters? For a recent review, with special attention to alternative hypotheses, see: Cosmides, L. & Tooby, J. (2005). Neurocognitive adaptations designed for social exchange. In D. M. Buss (Ed.), Evolutionary Psychology Handbook. NY: Wiley.