how are stained glass windows created?
… glass the former is silica (Silicon dioxide) in the form of sand. * Fluxes lower the temperature at which the formers will melt. Soda (Sodium carbonate) and Potash (Potassium carbonate), both alkalis, are common fluxes. Potash glass is slightly denser than soda glass. * Stabilizers make the glass strong and water resistant. Calcium carbonate, often called calcined limestone is a stabilizer. Without a stabilizer, water and humidity attack and dissolve glass. Glass lacking lime is often called “waterglass.” Stained Glass Early glass derived its color from impurities that were present when the glass was formed. For example, ‘black bottle glass’ was a dark brown or green glass, first produced in 17th Century England. This glass was dark due to the effects of the iron impurities in the sand used to make the glass and the sulphur from the smoke of the burning coal used to melt the …