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How did the working class became central to the anti-apartheid movement?

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How did the working class became central to the anti-apartheid movement?

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If you go back a bit in the history of struggle in South Africa, you realise that the ANC [African National Congress, formed in 1912] relied on sending respectable delegations to the Queen of England, asking her for special consideration for the education of rich blacks. It was only in 1946 with the miners’ strike that new ideas of organising came about, with people like Nelson Mandela and Zulu. 1949 they came with the Program of Action, which was an appeal to the masses inspired by the miners’ strike and also by the failure of petitioning the Queen… Then in the ’50s there was the Defiance campaign involving rank-and-file, ordinary people, mostly working class. In 1961 there was the Sharpeville massacre, which involved people burning their passes. The pass scheme was nothing else but a mechanism to control labour, to control the working class. So you can see that the ANC, the organiser of the national liberation struggle, was now orientating to the working class or to working-class i

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