How do I encapsulate a flaky asbestos popcorn ceiling?
First, you need to have it tested by a certified lab to see if it is asbestos. Most “popcorn” ceiling are NOT asbestos, especially in homes. That would solve the problem quickly. As to encapsulating, that should only be done by professionals and removal is better. If you try it, the more likely result is that those areas of the ceiling will delaminate and fall off. You could try patching it, but that will disturb the ceiling already present. I urge you to have the material testing. After that, if it is asbestos, you need to have a professional patch that section. Otherwise, it will continue to come lose. I would send the contractor the bill.