How do I include a linked reference (e.g., linked mastoids, linked ears) in my EEG montage?
The answer to this question depends on how the data for a linked reference was recorded or stored. If two or more reference sites (e.g., left and right mastoids) were physically-linked during data acquisition, or their data were averaged off-line and the original channels were dropped (i.e., the original data is no longer available), the data from the reference locations can not be used in the CSD transform. In this case, the EEG montage consists of all recordings sites minus the reference locations, which is regrettable but nevertheless allows a sound CSD transform. However, if the data from the original reference locations are still accessible, these reference locations can and should be included in the EEG montage and must, of course, be represented in the surface potential data. For example, if the EEG was recorded with a left-mastoid reference (i.e., site LM or TP9) and the EEG data also include the right mastoid (i.e., site RM or TP10), an additional channel LM with zeros should
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