How do Plasmin, Plasminogen and PAI-1 impact coagulation?
Plasminogen is an inert enzyme in the blood that does not directly effect blood coagulation. It requires a material called t-PA, Tissue Plasmin Activator, to change it to an active form named plasmin that breaks apart blood clots. However, another agent in the blood, PAI-1, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor, reduces the ability of t-PA to change plasminogen into plasmin. Studies show that PAI-1 promotes blood clot formation and prevents blood clots from dissolving. Elevated PAI-1 levels are associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction and/or heart attack. Therefore to reduce the formation of blood clots, it is desired to reduce the amount of PAI-1 and increase the level of t-PA. What are the results of blood clots in the circulatory system? Formation of a clot in a blood vessel, known as thrombus, can break loose and be carried by the blood stream to obstruct another vessel. The clot may block a vessel in the lungs causing a pulmonary embolism or a clot in the brain may induce
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