How does one address prosody (reading expression) within reading fluency?

PRF is an overall measure of reading proficiency, meaning that is a good indicator of things such as comprehension, prosody, and fluency. Researchers like Jay Samuels (repeated reading, automaticity theory) would say that as students become more fluent readers, it frees up cognitive resources so that they can understand more of what they read and so that they can focus on other aspects of reading like prosody. Some teachers have students retell what they have read after their one-minute PRF task, and other teachers use a reading expression scale from 1 to 10 to describe the students’ prosody (i.e., 1=the student read with little or no expression; 10= the student read with a high degree of expression.) However, using scales and teacher judgment to rate prosody is subjective. In addition, adding extra tasks to the CBM procedures reduces the time-saving and efficiency of the procedure. You can be confident that PRF is addressing overall reading proficiency without adding all of these ...  more