How is meiosis related to genetic inheritance?
The basic principles of genetic inheritance are segregation and independent assortment. Each individual has two alleles for a particular gene. Only one of these alleles is passed on to any particular offspring that individual might have. The alleles segregate. The principle of independent assortment states that the segregation of alleles for one gene is not affected by the segregation of alleles of any other gene. The principles of genetic inheritance are based on unique features of meiosis. Synapsis of homologous chromosomes and the separation of the homologous pairs during anaphase I cause the segregation of alleles. Crossing over and the random separation of chromosomes cause independent assortment. View the animation below, then complete the quiz to test your knowledge of the concept.