How will power factor affect metering in a distribution system? Will a poor power factor increase line loss?
The answer to your first question is slightly different depending whether you are referring to the displacement power factor or the true power factor. The displacement power factor equals the cosine of the phase angle between the voltage wave and the current wave. The true power factor is the ratio of the true RMS real power to the true RMS apparent power, i.e. kW/kVA. Both methods give exactly the same power factor if no harmonics are present. But if significant harmonics occur in either the voltage or current, the true power factor is lower. Fluorescent lights, electronic adjustable speed drives on motors, and/or lots of computers or other electronic devices may cause high-current harmonics in a circuit. All AC electric meters account for power factor when they register and record real power. Most utility revenue meters only recognize displacement power factor, so they will be accurate only when the real power factor is close to the true power factor. The presence of significant harm
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