Is cognitive functioning associated with subjective quality of life in young adults with spina bifida and hydrocephalus?
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that cognitive functioning is associated with subjective quality of life of young adults with spina bifida and hydrocephalus (SBHC). DESIGN: Cross-sectional multi-centre study in The Netherlands. SUBJECTS: A total of 110 young adults with SBHC (16-25 years old, 63% female). METHODS: Cognitive domains measured were intelligence (Raven Standard Progressive Matrices), memory (Wechsler Memory Scale) and executive functioning (Wisconsin modified Card Sorting Test (WmCST), Trail Making Test A and B (TMT) and UNKA word production test). Subjective quality of life was measured with a visual analogue scale. Correlations and hierarchical regression analysis controlling for age, gender and functional independence were applied. RESULTS: The TMT score was significantly associated (-0.25) with subjective quality of life. In the hierarchical regression analysis both the WmCST and TMT scores were significant determinants of subjective quality of life (Beta values 0.24
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