Is everything defined or declared in an XML Schema in an XML namespace?
Strictly speaking, no. This is because the Namespaces in XML recommendation only talks about using XML namespaces with elements and attributes. However, because items like complex types, attribute groups, model groups, and key definitions use qualified names, it is easiest to think of these names as being in an XML namespace. This is because their names are resolved using the same mechanisms as element and attribute names.