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Is it worth using biofuels to replace petroleum fuel?

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Is it worth using biofuels to replace petroleum fuel?

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Biofuels, such as corn ethanol and biodiesel, have become a popular topic in the media and among scientists and entrepreneurs. Whereas government mandates increasing use of biofuels for transportation, and farmers and businesses invest to increase production, there is intense discussion among scientists whether biofuels is truly a worthy cause that reduces the net use of nonrenewable energy and lowers carbon emissions. A recent article in Chemical and Engineering News, “The Cost of Biofuels” (C&E News, December 12, 2007, page 12), presented two opposing views. Two more recent articles in Science (Searchinger et al., and Fargione et al., February 7, 2008 issue) that estimate whether increased use of biofuels causes net increase or decrease in greenhouse gas emissions illustrate further how opposite conclusions can be obtained depending on what factors are included in the consideration. For example, if only energy used in the production and processing of corn grain to ethanol is consider

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