What are aversive procedures?
• Produce obvious signs of physical pain; • Potential or actual physical side-effects such as tissue damage, physical illness, physical or emotional stress; • Dehumanization of the individual; • Significant concern on the part of family members, staff or caregivers regarding the necessity of, or their own involvement in such extreme strategies; • Obvious repulsion, stress or concern on the part of observers who cannot reconcile such extreme procedures with acceptable standard practice; • Rebellion or objection on the part of the individual against being subjected to such procedure; • Permanent or temporary psychological or emotional harm.
