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WHAT ARE CHROMOSOME MUTATIONS?

April 26, 2017CHROMOSOME mutations

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WHAT ARE CHROMOSOME MUTATIONS?

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Chromosome mutations include changes in 1. chromosome number (extra or missing chromosome) 2. chromosome structure (alterations in the number, sequence or type of genes on a chromosome) HOW DO CHROMOSOME MUTATIONS ARISE? Most chromosome mutations arise from errors during meiosis. (Specifically problems during crossing over in prophase I and the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during anaphase I. Most faulty gametes are never fertilized or fail to develop when fertilized. If the faulty gamete is fertilized and develops, the fetus is born with a genetic syndrome. Genetic syndromes are disorders characterized by a group of typical features or symptoms caused by abnormal chromosomes.