What are nocturia and polyuria?
Nocturia is one of the most bothersome LUTS, and is defined as waking at night to void urine. Polyuria is often associated with nocturia and it is defined as the excessive production of urine (> 2.8 L/24 h). Nocturnal polyuria occurs when at least 20% of the 24-h urine production is produced at night. Nocturia can result from several causes related to ageing, behavioural patterns and, in men, prostate problems. However, bladder dysfunction and nocturnal polyuria are the main medical reasons for nocturia. Patients with nocturia can be categorized according to their problems, as related to bladder function and rate of urine production: • abnormal bladder function + normal urine production • abnormal bladder function + polyuria • normal bladder function + polyuria • normal bladder function + normal urine production Rembratt et al. showed that, among 116 nocturics, most (54%) had normal bladder function and normal urine production. Changing the behaviour of such patients, where there is no
