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What Are Some Differences Between Conductors And Insulators?

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What Are Some Differences Between Conductors And Insulators?

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Substance having large conductivity and negligible resistivity are called conductors for example, gold, silver, copper etc. A conductor has a very large conduction band. The valence band in conductors is very small empty band. Forbidden energy band does not exist in conductors. The valence band and conduction band overlap each other. On the average there are 1023 free electrons per centimeter cube in conductors. The substances having negligible conductivity and large resistivity are called insulators for example paper, plastic, wood etc. The conduction band is very small. This is because of negligible conductivity. It has very large valence band. Forbidden gap has a large value of energy. That is why some of the insulators burn on heating but do not conduct electricity. There is only one free electron per centimeter cube in an insulator.

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