What are the goals and objectives of site excavation ?
The things you are talking about are where lots of contractors have either made their money on or went broke, and every site and situation is different. There’s often a separate trench for every utility that enters a property. Ideally the deepest utility (often sewer) is installed first, then water, telephone, cable tv, drainage, etc. Somewhere along the line the entire site is graded to match the desired final contour. Foundations are excavated for buildings, and there the goal is to build exactly to the engineers specifications, and minimize use of concrete. The guys doing the work are usually different than the guys that drew up the plans. There’s a lot of different agencies involved that have to be coordinated together. What you are asking in a general way is the most important parts of property development, and the guiding principals are always to minimize cost while still getting the job done.
To provide a solid unsettling rot proof base or foundation to support your superstructure. If you live in the frost belt (ground freezes) you will need to be below the perma frost level, in my area that is 48″, in some u.s. locations that could be much deeper. You need to consult your local building code and inspector as to what is the correct foundation options. essentially goals is to remove unsuitable substrate for building purposes. Objectives,- depend upon depth and nature of excavated materials, could be just a shovel, or, get this… an “EXCAVATOR”(big track backhoe) wonder why they call it that!
