What are the side effects of an intrauterine device (IUD)?
Side effects of the IUD are limited primarily to the uterus. These include: • cramps, • spotting, • heavy menstrual flow, • infection, • pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and • infertility. It is also possible for the IUD to pass through (perforate) the uterine wall and enter the abdominal cavity, where it must be retrieved surgically. Perforation of or trauma to the uterus by the IUD occurs in 1/1,000 insertions. Warning signs of possible complications from an IUD include abdominal pain, heavy bleeding, abnormal spotting or bleeding, and a smelly vaginal discharge. If a woman experiences any of these signs, she should contact her health care professional. What are the risks and complications of intrauterine devices (IUDs)? An IUD may not be appropriate for women who have heavy menstrual bleeding, had previous pelvic infections, have more than one sexual partner, or plan on getting pregnant. This is because IUDs do not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STDs) and should
