What determines the extent of the exstrophy?
The extent of the exstrophy depends on how small or how large the opening is. One can think of exstrophy as a spectrum of conditions that ranges from the milder form, epispadias (only a urethral defect or opening), to the most severe form, cloacal exstrophy (defect of the urethra, bladder and bowel), with classic bladder exstrophy (defect of urethra and bladder) being in the middle.
