What internetworking devices operate at the physical layer (layer 1) of the OSI model?
In internetworking two or the more common problems that exist are that there are too many nodes or that there is not enough cable. A repeater can provide a simple solution if either of these two problems exits. To understand how a repeater works, it is important to first understand that as data leaves a source and goes out over the network, it is transformed into either electrical or light impulses that pass along the networking media. These impulses are referred to as signals. When signals first leave a transmitting station, they are clean and easily recognizable. However, the longer the cable length, the weaker and more deteriorated the signals become as they pass along the networking media. For example, specifications for category 5 twisted pair Ethernet cable establish the maximum distance that signals can travel along a network as 100 meters. If a signal travels beyond that distance, there is no guarantee that a NIC card will be able to read it. So that signals will not become unr
