WHAT IS ANKYLOSIS?

Teeth are held in the mouth by fibers that form the periodontal ligament. Sometimes the fibers are replaced with bone and the tooth becomes fused to the bone preventing the tooth from erupting. The exact cause of this condition is still uncertain although theories include genetics and trauma. As the areas adjacent to the ankylosed tooth continue to develop, the ankylosed tooth appears “submerged” compared to the erupting teeth. Ankylosis can happen in both primary ("baby") teeth and permanent teeth and is more common in the primary lower molars. An exam and x-ray are the main diagnostic methods for determining ankylosis. Tapping on an ankylosed tooth will reveal a solid sound as compared to a non-ankylosed tooth. Management of an ankylosed tooth starts with early recognition and diagnosis. Many ankylosed teeth will be lost normally and require no treatment other than periodic evaluation. Some ankylosed teeth interfere with the eruption of the permanent teeth and require extraction.