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What is genetic counseling?

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What is genetic counseling?

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Genetic counseling is a process that includes collecting a detailed personal and family history, a risk assessment, and a discussion of the genetic testing options. The risks, benefits and limitations of the available testing options and personalized cancer screening and risk reduction recommendations are also discussed during the counseling sessions. For more information about these sessions please see Steps of our Program.

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Genetic counseling is a service to help individuals and families translate scientific knowledge into practical information. A genetic counselor works with a person or family that may be at risk for an inherited disease or abnormal pregnancy outcome, discussing their chances of having children who are affected. Providers of genetic counseling include: • Individuals who have followed a specific educational curriculum and who are certified genetic counselors (CGCs) • Doctors or nurses with special training in the subject These health care professionals are experienced in helping families understand birth defects and how inheritance works. They provide information that helps families make personal decisions about pregnancy, child care and genetic testing. Is Genetic Counseling for You? Anyone who has unanswered questions about origins of diseases or traits in the family should consider genetic counseling. People who may find it valuable include: • Those who have, or are concerned that they

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Professional genetic counselors explain the process by which diseases are passed along genetically, and help families understand their risk of transmitting genetic disorders to their children. They counsel families about options for finding out their genetic disease risk, and provide information that will help them make decisions about pursuing genetic testing and what to do with the results of those tests.

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Genetic counseling is the process of: • evaluating family history and medical records • ordering genetic tests • evaluating the results of this investigation • helping parents understand and reach decisions about what to do next Genetic tests are done by analyzing small samples of blood or body tissues. They determine whether you, your partner, or your baby carry genes for certain inherited disorders. Genes are made up of DNA molecules, which are the simplest building blocks of heredity. They’re grouped together in specific patterns within a person’s chromosomes, forming the unique “blueprint” for every physical and biological characteristic of that person. Humans have 46 chromosomes, arranged in pairs in every living cell of our bodies. When the egg and sperm join at conception, half of each chromosomal pair is inherited from each parent. This newly formed combination of chromosomes then copies itself again and again during fetal growth and development, passing identical genetic infor

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