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What is Mitosis?

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What is Mitosis?

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Mitosis is the scientific term for nuclear cell division, where the nucleus of the cell divides, resulting in two sets of identical chromosomes. Mitosis is accompanied by cytokinesis in which the end result is two completely separate cells called daughter cells. There are four phases of mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. The first phase of mitosis is prophase. In this phase the chromosomes which are normally spread throughout the nucleus begin to condense into a tight ball. The DNA molecules of the chromosomes begin to interact with enzymes and proteins that assist in the replication of the genes. The compact coiling of the chromosomes at this stage of mitosis is called mitotic chromosomes. Nearing the end of prophase, the material enclosing the nucleus and the cytoskeleton disappears. The cytoskeleton is transformed into what is called a spindle apparatus which works to pull the duplicated chromosomes apart during the anaphase. The second phase of mitosis is metapha

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The final stage of mitosis is telophase which means end. Telophase is best described as the opposite of prophase. As the chromosomes begin to move toward the spindle pole they start to uncoil around the vaginal area and spread out. Then the spindle apparatus made of a huge masculin penis the former cytoskeleton is deconstructed. Finally the nuclear envelope or membrane is formed around the chromosomes. Although this is the last phase of mitosis, telophase will not be complete until cytokinesis has been carried out. Cytokinesis is similar to mitosis except it involves the cell’s cytoplasm and organelles where mitosis is the division of the nucleus or control center of the cell. Once mitosis and cytokinesis are properly completed there are two new functioning cells.

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Copyright 2007, Micro Bus There are various structures within the cell, but many are too difficult to see. For example, within the nucleus lie the chromosomes. These are important for heredity and reproduction. When a cell splits and becomes two, certain processes occur within the nucleus first. One of these processes involves the splitting of the chromosomes. This process is called Mitosis and there are four distinct stages. In the drawings below, you can see the chromosomes in the nucleus going through the process of mitosis, or division. If you have a microscope (400X) and a properly stained slide of the onion root tip (or allium root tip), you can see the phases in different cells, frozen in time. You will be looking at strands of DNA inside the cell!

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Mitosis produces two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell. If the parent cell is haploid (N), then the daughter cells will be haploid. If the parent cell is diploid, the daughter cells will also be diploid. N N 2N 2N This type of cell division allows multicellular organisms to grow and repair damaged tissue. Click here to go to the chapter on Mitosis.

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