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What is the actual valid time for RUC fields (e.g., 3h forecast valid at 03z)?

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What is the actual valid time for RUC fields (e.g., 3h forecast valid at 03z)?

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Well, the forecasts in this case are indeed “valid” at 03z, but since many of the observations assimilated in the RUC (and other NWP models) are centered 10-30 min before the hour, the actual valid time is also offset by 10-30 min. This is discussed in Benjamin et al., 2004, Mon.Wea.Rev. See p. 15 in pdf version and p.503 in MWR version.

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