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What is the best means to dissipate the heat a transformer produces?

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What is the best means to dissipate the heat a transformer produces?

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A transformer dissipates heat through convection, conduction, and radiation. Proper ventilation will help carry heat away from the transformer by convection. However, conduction is the most efficient means to dissipate the heat generated by a transformer. Mounting the transformer so that one or more sides of the transformer make surface-to-surface contact to the transformer box, raceway, etc. is the best way to remove heat by conduction (DO NOT DOUBLE NUT MOUNT the transformer — this will dramatically reduce conductive heat dissipation — use a solid plate under the transformer instead). Ultimately, all heat is “radiated” into the air around the transformer box, raceway, sign body, etc. The larger the surface area of a hot surface, the more efficiently heat is radiated from that surface. This is why it is so important to conductively “heat sink” the transformer to the transformer box, raceway, or sign body because these have a much larger surface area than the transformer itself.

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