What is the difference between induced dipole and dipole-dipole interactions?
I think you’ve got it a little backward. In molecules like water, there is a permanent imbalance of electron distribution in the molecule. The oxygen atom in water always has a partial negative charge, and the hydrogens are always partially positively charged. This is so because the electronegativity of oxygen is very large compared to that of hydrogen. Therefore, when the two elements form covalent bonds in water, the electrons are pulled more strongly toward the oxygen atom, giving it a negative charge. Because of this permanent polarity in the molecule, water molecules are dipoles (molecules with two regions of opposite charge). When two molecules of water interact, they do so through dipole-dipole interactions. That is, the positive part of one water molecule interacts with the negative part of a different molecule. Induced dipole interactions occur between non-polar molecules. Because of the random movement of electrons in a molecule, just by chance the electron distribution will
