What types of drug therapy are available for treating male infertility?
Testosterone A low testosterone causes low sperm production and can cause problems with erections and ejaculation. Testosterone replacement is very important because it restores sperm production and significantly increases the quality of life. Clomiphene Citrate Clomiphene citrate, a synthetic steroid drug related to estrogen (female sex hormone), has both anti-estrogenic and estrogenic effects. Tamoxifen Tamoxifen, like clomiphene citrate, is an oral anti-estrogen compound that has been used to treat male infertility. But, unlike clomiphene, tamoxifen has no estrogenic activity. Tamoxifen stimulates sperm output by increasing the release of gonadotropins. Recent findings suggest that pregnancy may occur in up to one-third of couples in whom the male partner has received tamoxifen therapy. Gonadotropins Gonadotropins are gonad-stimulating hormones. The gonadotropins human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG), and their combinations very successfully treat m