Which inherited genetic mutations raise the risk of melanoma?
There are a growing number of genes thought to be associated with an increased risk of melanoma. However, more research is needed to better understand how these genes affect the risk of melanoma. Hereditary melanoma. At least three genes have been linked to hereditary melanoma. Families with mutations in these genes may have multiple dysplastic nevi. Although dysplastic nevi are likely to be related to altered genes, the specific genes involved have not been identified. The association of familial melanoma and multiple dysplastic nevi is also sometimes called familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM) or atypical nevus syndrome. Mutations in the CDKN2A gene (also called p16 and MST1) are thought to account for approximately 25% of hereditary melanomas. People who have mutations in the CDKN2A gene have about a 70% risk of developing melanoma during their lifetime, but the risk varies by geographic location. Some families with these mutations also have an increased risk (up to 17%)
