Why did the feared postwar economic depression never materialize?
I presume you mean after WWII. There was a huge pool of wealth in the hands of private citizens who had been earning good money during the war and had not been able to spend it, because of rationing and the general non-manufacture of luxury goods (such as cars and washing machines). Instead of falling into a depression, the public began to spend some of that wealth, attend school, and buy homes at an unimaginable rate, and to go to work producing even more goods.