Digital signals are preferred because of the desire for accuracy in data representation and communication. Binary signals are preferred because they can be processed with two-state electrical devices that are easily and inexpensively constructed. 3. What is excess notation? What is twos complement notation? What criteria determine which notation is used by computer hardware? Excess notation is a binary coding method that represents numeric values as the value by which they exceed a fixed base (e.g., 10 is represented as 2 in excess-8). Twos complement notation encodes positive values as ordinary binary numbers and negative values as the complement of the corresponding positive value plus 1. A notation method represents specific choices among accuracy, numeric range, size, and ease of manipulation. Hardware representations are determined based on the most cost-effective tradeoff of these characteristics for a given processing purpose. 4. What is overflow? What is underflow? How may the