Are complex ovarian cysts the same as polycystic ovarian disease?
Complex ovarian cysts are not the same as polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). The ultrasonic appearance of PCOD is multiple follicle (clear,simple) cysts usually arranged at the periphery of the ovary. Characteristically there will be more than 4-6 small cystic areas. Complex cysts are more poorly defined. On ultrasound reports it usually refers to areas seen that contain cysts but they are not clear and often they are not distinct. They are different from mixed cystic and solid cysts however in which the anatomy is clearer but of mixed consistency. Complex cysts are often hemorrhagic corpus luteum cysts or follicle cysts with bleeding in them, inflammatory processes such as pelvic infection, endometriosis of ovary and occasionally dermoid cysts or other benign tumors of the ovary. As a result they are often associated with pain and abnormal menses if the former and are asymptomatic if they are benign tumors of the ovary.
