Are there nonendothelial targets for angiogenesis in breast cancer?
Recently the laboratories of Drs Mary Hendrix and Robert Folberg have put forth a hypothesis in ocular melanoma, which proposes that aggressive tumor cells can form extracellular matrix (ECM) channels that contain blood and may augment endothelial-derived angiogenesis [11,12,13]. This hypothesis has generated discussion and controversy, but areas of concordance appear in the field. Does it apply to breast cancer? A brief digression into uveal melanoma is required. The team of Drs Hendrix and Folberg used uveal melanomas, which lack lymphatics and therefore present a simpler system for study. A periodic acid-Schiff immunohistochemical stain identified nonendothelial channels that appeared delimited by ECM and ultimately melanoma cells, and which contained erythrocytes. It remains controversial whether traditional endothelial-derived capillaries also service these tumor cells, with opinions based on the stain used, the observer, and the intratumoral location of the observation. The loopi
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