How does the scheme work?
The EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) aims to promote reductions of greenhouse gas emissions in a cost-effective and economically efficient manner. The scheme operates through the allocation and trading of greenhouse gas emission allowances throughout the EU. One allowance represents one tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent. An overall limit, or ‘cap’, is set by each Member State on the total amount of emissions allowed from the installations covered by the scheme. The allowances are then distributed by Member States to the installations in the scheme. Operators of all these installations are then free to trade in allowances. For example, for an installation that has emitted less than its allowances, the operator may sell the surplus allowances to another operator whose installation has emitted more carbon dioxide than its limit allows. This flexibility enables operators to meet the national limit at lowest cost. The scheme is currently in its second operating phase. Phase II covers t
Most employers choose to operate their childcare voucher scheme via ‘salary sacrifice’. As long as your cash salary does not go below the National Minimum Wage, you can choose to take Childcare Vouchers up to the value of £2,916 a year as part of your package. If you accept Childcare Vouchers as a portion of your salary (up to £55 per week or £243 a month) you do not have to pay National Insurance Contributions (NIC) or Tax on that amount.
The scheme is based on a re-useable plastic voucher, which represents a standard payment for one transaction. Libraries purchase a supply of vouchers from IFLA HQ for EUR 8 each (half -value vouchers are also available at EUR 4 each). The supplying library determines the quantity of vouchers needed for the loan and retains it to be re-used for another transaction at a later date, when it wishes to borrow from another library. Libraries that supply more items than they request can redeem their excess vouchers by sending them to IFLA HQ. They will receive a refund of EUR 8 per voucher (EUR 4 for half-vouchers). Vouchers that were previously sold by IFLA/OIL for US dollars will be redeemed in Euros. Vouchers have unlimited validity and can be re-used any number of times. This applies to the old-style vouchers previously issued by the former IFLA Office for International Lending, as well as to the new vouchers. Supplying libraries are encouraged to accept a standard “payment” of one vouche
• The scheme covers four of the most important endemic infectious diseases • Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD) • Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) • Johne’s Disease • Leptospirosis • Herd owners may test for any or all diseases at the same time. • Herd owners joining the scheme will pay AFBI a membership fee plus the costs of testing Join the Scheme Membership includes: • Veterinary advice on testing, results and biosecurity • Annual certification of disease free status, when achieved • Individual animal certification giving specific test results (e.g. for bull sales) • Advertising of herd details, if requested • The scheme is conducted according to the guidelines of Cattle Health Certification Standards (UK) (CHeCS), a self-regulatory body set up by the cattle industry to ensure consistency between different schemes and herds. These guidelines cover requirements for sampling and biosecurity. CHeCS technical document • Samples are typically taken by a private veterinary practitioner a
