How is the application layer firewall different from a packet filtering firewall? Why an application layer firewall is sometimes called a proxy server?
The packet filtering firewall is a router used as the first generation firewall. These are simple devices that filter by examining every incoming and outgoing packet header. They can selectively filter packets based on values in the packet header, accepting or rejecting packets as needed. These devices can be configured to filter based on an IP address, type of packet, port request, and/or other elements present in the packet. The filtering process examines packets for compliance with or violation of rules configured into the firewalls database. The rules most commonly implemented in packet filtering firewalls are based on a combination of IP source and destination address, direction (inbound or outbound) and/or source and destination port requests.
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