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How to explain the participation effect: is it a question of different expectations and communication?

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How to explain the participation effect: is it a question of different expectations and communication?

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) Abstract This experiment is a preliminary test to explain the participation effect observed in Bortolami and Mittone (2009). The aim of this new version is to test whether the contributory gap is more properly justifiable in terms of pure environmental choices, or, on the contrary, whether the gap is more strictly related to behavioural dynamics. To verify the former hypothesis, an environmental change regarding communication is introduced. To test the latter, empirical and normative expectations are explicitly considered. Download InfoTo download: If you experience problems downloading a file, check if you have the proper application to view it first. Information about this may be contained in the File-Format links below. In case of further problems read the IDEAS help page. Note that these files are not on the IDEAS site. Please be patient as the files may be large.

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