Is it possible to model the concept-oriented model by means of secondary keys?
Yes, it is possible to some extent but it will require significant efforts and manual implementation and control of many features. In addition, it will require following a strict discipline in using this model. Although for restricted use such an simulation is possible, in general case this approach does not guarantee that all moments will be taken into account. This question is somewhat similar to object-oriented programming using only procedural programming language facilities where we need to manually implement some convenience techniques and follow the object-oriented discipline. The relational model and its implementations in the state of the art DBMSs is rich enough to simulate other data models. However, the main advantage of the concept-oriented approach is in its simplicity, reliability, flexibility and expressiveness in describing real problem domains.