Needleless Connectors and Bacteremia: Is There a Relationship?
By Marilyn Hanchett, RN, PhD Abstract Needleless connectors, used today as integral components of an infusion system, evolved in response to demands for enhanced healthcare worker safety and as part of the continuing development of infusion technology. At this time, there are three design categories among needleless connectors: split septum connectors, luer activated valves, and luer valves with positive displacement. Numerous branded products are available within each category. Although needleless connectors offer enhanced safety features, there have been recurrent concerns about an increased risk of bacteremia associated with their use. This article reviews the development of these devices, examines the available evidence base, identifies unresolved issues, and suggests strategies to facilitate optimum use of needleless connectors within infusion systems. Introduction During the past two years there has been increasing concern expressed by infection control practitioners, infusion sp