Should I leave the leafless canes on a Dendrobium (i.e. kingianum) or remove them?
Yes, leave the canes on any Dendrobium so long as they are fleshy and alive. Even if they have lost all their leaves, they remain an integral part of the plant. They act as a storage organ for the plant… it can draw nutrients from the old canes if/when it wants to. Old canes can also send up new growths and in many species old canes will still bloom. In some species, only the old canes bloom. So don’t remove Dendrobium canes unless they are dry and brittle.