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What are the deterioration processes in concrete due to chemical reactions?

April 26, 2017chemical reactions concrete deterioration Processes

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What are the deterioration processes in concrete due to chemical reactions?

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The main causes of chemical deterioration in concrete are the aggressive agents in the environment carried by air and water. Concrete is normally alkaline, with a pH value above 14. If, due to chemical reactions, the alkalinity drops below 12.5, the environment becomes aggressive. Rain water, ground water, sea water, sewage, industrial effluents, etc., carry carbon dioxide, sulphates and chlorides in combination with sodium, calcium, magnesium, etc. Magnesium salts are found to be most aggressive.