What are trigger points and trigger point injections?
Trigger points are discrete, focal, hyperirritable spots located in a taut band of skeletal muscle. They produce pain locally and in a referred pattern and often accompany chronic musculoskeletal disorders. Acute trauma or repetitive microtrauma may lead to the development of a trigger point. Lack of exercise, prolonged poor posture, vitamin deficiencies, sleep disturbances, and joint problems may all predispose to the development of microtrauma. Occupational or recreational activities that produce repetitive stress on a specific muscle or muscle group commonly cause chronic stress in muscle fibers, leading to trigger points. Palpation of the trigger point will elicit pain directly over the affected area and/or cause radiation of pain. Trigger-point injection (TPI) has become widely accepted and is one of the most effective treatment options available to achieve the best results. Stretching exercises and physical therapy can also be helpful. Medications, such as anlgesics and muscle re
