What causes an over-run and under-run?
Normally, on any packaging production, there is either an under-run or over-run. This is caused by make ready time of the printing press and during the manufacturing process. Each job has an estimated amount of materials, and if the production goes particularly well, the result is an over-run. If it goes less well, it creates an under-run. Customers are only billed for what is actually produced. Normally, the smaller quantity produces greater the swing.