What causes toenail fungus or nail infections?
Toenail fungus or nail fungus infections are typically caused by various fungi such as dermatophytes, mold or yeast, however in up to 50% of cases, there is also the presence of bacteria. The fungal infection usually occurs in people who wear constrictive footwear, or share locker rooms, showers or bathrooms with others. A warm environment, an accumulation of water around and under the nail and a low oxygen environment provide optimal conditions for the fungus to grow. This is why fungal infections are much more common on the toes. Using nail or toenail polish can make it difficult for the nails to breath and may promote the growth of the fungus. Fungal infections can be contagious; however they do not spread easily between people unless conditions are favorable such as in locker rooms or when sharing footwear with others. If not treated promptly, the infection can spread to other nails. It can also be cross contaminated from the toenails to the fingernails by contact or by using nail
