New Drug Product Exclusivity is provided by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act under section 505(c)(3)(E) and 505(j)(5)(F). Exclusivity provides the holder of an approved new drug application limited protection from new competition in the marketplace for the innovation represented by its approved drug product. This limited protection precludes approval of certain 505(b)(2) applications or certain abbreviated new drug applications (ANDAs) for prescribed periods of time. Some exclusivity provisions also provide protection from competition by delaying the submission of 505(b)(2) applications and ANDAs for certain periods of time. Exclusivity is available for new chemical entities (NCEs), which by definition are innovative, and for significant changes in already approved drug products, such as a new use. New drug product exclusivity includes two categories of exclusivity (described in Q & A #6) both NCE and “other significant changes” exclusivity.