What is Spintronics?
Once studied primarily for their fundamental importance, magnetic materials are now essential for making complex structures with unique magnetic properties. Devices based on these structures, which utilize electron’s spin rather than charge are revolutionizing electronics, optical communications, and electronic data storage. Studies of the processes governing operation of these new devices are giving rise to an entire new field of physics, engineering, and materials science research, often called spintronics (spin transport + electronics). The discovery of Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) and Tunneling Magnetoresistance (TMR) has made it possible to construct new devices, such as magnetic sensors and nonvolatile random access memories (MRAMs). All GMR, TMR, spin transistors and most other spintronics devices utilize the transfer of spin-polarized electrons across an interface from one ferromagnetic layer to another. This often results in dramatically different resistance for magnetically
Spintronics is a nascent form of electronics which uses the magnetic state (spin) of electrons to encode and process data, rather than using electric charge. Technically, spin is a quantum property, closely related to but not exactly the same thing as magnetism. Spintronics is therefore sometimes regarded as exploiting quantum effects. An electron can possess either an up or down spin, depending on its magnetic orientation. The magnetism of ferroelectric materials, nonconductors which become polarized when exposed to an electric field, exists because many of the electrons in such objects all have the same spin. Also known as magnetoelectronics, spintronics has the potential to become the ideal memory media for computing. It has been claimed that spintronic memory, or MRAM (Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory) has the potential to achieve the speed of SRAM (Static RAM), the density of DRAM (Dynamic RAM), and the non-volatility of flash memory. Non-volatility means that the data is sti
An atom is the acme discovery of science. Its structure, components and properties has given an absolute boost to the advancements. The behaviour of the electrons with its energy levels, movements and the ability of making bonds has been a revolutionary aspect of science. The property of the fundamental particles of electrons which shows movements in their energy consumption and release has originated the study of Spintronics. Spintronics is the science concerned with the flow of electrons. Its speciality has enabled the world to pace towards the triumphant juncture through its industrial and information revolutions. The properties of electrons with the spinning ability in either up or down, clockwise or anticlockwise directions can be used for various mechanisms. For instance, the conventional electronic devices relying on the transport of electrical charge of electron, such as: computer, stereo system or various other electrically driven devices. Thus, the physicists are making the m
